I wrote a detailed description of my homeschooling program for my son Peter in response to someone on a parents’ group who asked for advice in homeschooling her 4-year-olds. After I sent it, I decided to clean it up a little and post it here.
I tend to research and purchase homeschool materials on the internet. I research items on the sites of homeschool curriculum providers, but I only use them to buy things I can’t get elsewhere. My favorite places to buy are eBay, Better World Books, and Amazon Marketplace because I can find used materials for significantly less than new. I also use the library a lot, including inter-library loan, for materials that I don’t feel I need to own a copy of.
Literacy is so fundamental in education and it’s important to give kids a solid foundation to build on. I highly recommend that a parent who is homeschooling for preschool or primary years read Dianne McGuinness’ book Why Our Children Can’t Read And What We Can Do About It. Even though I took courses in how to teach reading to elementary students, I learned a LOT from this book. It has significantly influenced how I taught Peter to read, starting with NOT teaching him the names of letters. Instead I taught him the sounds associated with letters and letter groups, because that is more important in developing reading skills and kids can be confused by learning letter names first. He ended up learning letter names in preschool and that knowledge does occasionally interfere with his reading (like reading “hot” as “hote” because he thinks of the letter name “O” instead of the sound “ah” that it represents).
My preschool curriculum can be roughly divided into three areas: reading, math, and read-aloud (to expose Peter to literature, history, geography, and science, and expand on whatever topics he shows an interest in). I started “reading lessons” when he was 3 years old, and “math lessons” when he was 3 1/2; he’s now 4 1/2. Of course, he’s also learning from cooking, cleaning, running errands, making craft projects, playing with friends, climbing on the playground, and all sorts of other age-appropriate activities, but here I’m describing my formal educational program. Lest you think I’m pushing him too hard, please note that we don’t spend that much time on formal education. We do maybe 5 minutes a day of reading (and we miss days when we’re busy). Math lessons are about 15-20 minutes long, 2-3 times a week. Read-aloud is pretty much daily, ranging from 15 minutes to an hour, depending on Peter’s interest and what else we have going on.
For reading, I use The Phonics Handbook by Sue Lloyd. It’s the core of the Jolly Phonics program, which is one of the programs that gets high marks from Diane McGuinness. You could easily drop hundreds of dollars on Jolly Phonics materials, but I’ve only used The Phonics Handbook and I don’t think Peter’s suffering for not having the rest of the materials. I wish I had the Jolly Readers because I’ve had a hard time finding decent simple phonics readers at a reasonable price, but I’ve made do. One thing to be aware of is that there are two versions of The Phonics Handbook: “in print letters” and “in precursive letters” (which may also have no specific label, since it was the original version). This is because the program is designed to teach handwriting as well as reading. I chose “in print letters” (the more traditional manuscript style of printing) because it looks more like print letters in books. I introduced the stories and gestures using the suggested storylines and embellishing them (the storytelling and gestures made it lots of fun for Peter to learn new sounds). Then I would show Peter the page in the book (we didn’t color them because he’s not into coloring but I would have if he wanted to). We would discuss the picture and he would point out the new sound in all the words on the side of the page. I didn’t do handwriting because Peter was only 3 when I started (he’s 4 1/2 now and still not ready for it). What I did do as quasi-handwriting instruction was write each letter really large on a sheet of white paper and have Peter trace it with his finger while saying the sound. I made little books for each group of sounds (labelling them “Peter’s Sound Book 1″, “Peter’s Sound Book 2″, etc.) and added each sound as he learned it. We use the little sound books or the full-page letters to review several times a week. We played lots of phonemic awareness games, as described in Why Our Children Can’t Read. Once he could blend sounds to make words orally (for example, I would say, “What word is s…u…n?” and he would say, “sun”), we started working on reading simple words with the flashcards. I made magnets with the sounds he’s learned, consonants in black and vowels in red, and we play a variety of games with them. A favorite is for me to make a CVC (consonant-vowel-consonant) word on our magnet board. After Peter reads it, he can change one of the sounds (a consonant for another consonant or a vowel for another vowel). After I read the new word that he makes, I change a sound and it’s his turn again. We purposely make nonsense words (like “nif” or “zoip”) so we can laugh at how silly they are.
For math, I specifically wanted to start with a program that used plenty of manipulatives and no workbook. Saxon Math K was the only kindergarten program I found that met my criteria. Of course, I could have developed my own, but it’s much easier to follow a prepared curriculum that has all the lesson planning done for you. Saxon is the most popular homeschool math curriculum provider because they have straightforward, scripted lessons and lots of practice to ensure mastery. I have experience teaching Saxon in the classroom as well and I think it’s good for some kids, but fast learners get bored with the repetition. I started Math K when Peter was 3 1/2, two years younger than the suggested age, because he was so interested in counting and in figuring out days of the week (two major early focuses of the program). I fully intended to stop and wait if it got to be too much for him, but the only things he couldn’t do were counting by 10’s and figuring out change with anything other than pennies (those only came up near the end of the year and I just skipped those activities–he’ll learn to do them later). I feel that it was a solid program and the hands-on activities helped build concepts, but as we got near the end, I started skipping parts of the “math meeting” (the routine at the beginning of the lessons) because Peter was getting bored with it. Since we finished Saxon Math K, we’re switching to Singapore Math because of its strong emphasis on building concepts and problem solving skills; we’re going to do the Singapore Earlybird Kindergarten Math program. It might sound strange to do another kindergarten program after he’s completed one, but I don’t want to overwhelm Peter with 1st grade math intended for kids two years older than he is, and the second half of the Singapore program goes beyond what was covered in Saxon Math K.
Read-aloud is by far Peter’s favorite part of his educational program. I use Sonlight Curriculum’s Core programs as a guide. Their website is a little tricky to navigate, but it’s well worth figuring it out. Sonlight is a Christian curriculum, but even if that’s a concern for some homeschooling parents, I would still encourage them to check it out. It is a literature-rich curriculum; most of the books don’t have overt Christian themes but are simply good quality children’s literature. Peter has enjoyed every book I’ve read him from their list, and I appreciate having specific age-appropriate books to look for when we go to the library. Also, this summer, I read him a chapter a day of a relatively easy-to-understand “chapter book”. We read The Wheel on the School (a Newbery Award winner), Little House in the Big Woods, and since it was such a big hit, Little House on the Prairie (although I skipped one chapter near the end about the Indians’ war conference, because I didn’t think it was appropriate for Peter’s level of historical understanding). Finally, every time we go to the library, we get at least one book on something Peter has recently shown an interest in (ranging from Henry Hudson–when he was interested in Hudson’s Bay on our big wall map–to astronauts to salamanders to constructing a skyscraper).
I hope that my extensive research and my experience is helpful to someone who is considering homeschooling for preschool. I would appreciate any feedback.